Abstract
SOME OF BEŞİR FUAD'S ATTENTION AND CRITICISM OF LITERATURE
Beşir Fuad was born in Istanbul in 1852 (?). After a multi-level education in Fatih Secondary School, Aleppo Jesuit School, Military High School, and Military School, he was appointed to the aide of Sultan Abdulaziz in 1873. He resigned from military service in 1881 and devoted himself entirely to writing and publishing. In his very short writing life, he published more than 200 articles and sixteen books on various subjects. Beşir Fuad is one of the remarkable names of the Tanzimat in terms of the history of thought and criticism. According to him, what is truly admirable in literature is the naked expression of truth. Beşir Fuad prefers science to literature, but he believes that a literary work based on positive sciences will be as beneficial to society as a scientific work. He approaches literary works from the point of being useful to society, provided that they are realistic and natural, and makes evaluations.
Beşir Fuad tries to use his pen as much as possible in line with the "objective criticism method" in his works and especially in his critical writings. He wants the critics to act in accordance with this method; emphasizes that they should present their writings in this framework. He believes that writings in this way will give good results in terms of works of art, artists, and readers, and will be beneficial. He notes that such writings are effective not only for a literary life but also for the arrangement and beautification of personal and social life.
Keywords
Beşir Fuad, literature, criticism.