Abstract
THE POLITENESS IN RELATIONS AMONG PEOPLE ACCORDING TO DIVANU LÛGATI’T-TURK
A popular encyclopedic dictionary of the great Turkish linguist and thinker Kâşgarlı Mahmud’s Divanü Lûgati’t-Türk (DLT), mirror of the Turkish world of the 11th century, includes rich information not only about the Turkish language and literature but also its history and geography, culture and ethnography. When we look at the Divanü Lûgati’t-Türk its possible to find so much data’s about the Turkish social life. The life style and understanding life of societies can be seen on languages of societies.
Politeness is a sociolinguistic phenomenon and it is described by researchers as ‘first condition of human’s cooperation and base of formation of community’s order’. In the Turkish language ‘politeness’ is expressed in partfenlarly different way. Each society has the particular linguistic behavior forms to express the certain situations in the different domains of the daily life. Greetings, farewell and the forms of speaking or the rules of courtesy are the most important communication routine of the social life.
Vocabulary of Divanü Lugati’t-Türk, as every subject, consists of valuable information about politeness of Turkish social in 11th century. In this article, politeness expressions in relations among people will be determined and examined in Divanü Lûgati’t-Türk. Thus, it will be studied to explain in terms of politeness in relations among people of Turkish social life in 11th century. Therefore, firstly scanning Divanü Lûgati’t-Türk line by line, all words, idioms, proverbs, couplets and written-in-verse components reflecting politeness rules of its age have been indexed and listed in it self.
Politeness is a sociolinguistic phenomenon and it is described by researchers as ‘first condition of human’s cooperation and base of formation of community’s order’. In the Turkish language ‘politeness’ is expressed in partfenlarly different way. Each society has the particular linguistic behavior forms to express the certain situations in the different domains of the daily life. Greetings, farewell and the forms of speaking or the rules of courtesy are the most important communication routine of the social life.
Vocabulary of Divanü Lugati’t Türk, as every subject, consists of valuable information about politeness of Turkish social in 11th century. In this article, politeness expressions of relations between people will be determined and examined in Divanü Lûgati’t-Türk. Thus, it will be studied to explain Turkish social life of 11th century. Therefore,
Keywords
Divanü Lûgati’t-Türk, Vocabulary, Politeness, Politeness rules, Relations among people.