Abstract
CONTRIBUTION OF -ken ADVERBIAL SUFFIX USAGE IN KARAKHANID TURKISH
The texts belonging to Karakhanid Turkish have been the subject of various studies. While most of these studies focused mainly on Divanu Lugati’t Turk, Kutadgu Bilig and Atebetü'l Hakayık, a number of them also scrutinized TİEM 73 and Rylands Qur’an translations. Although mostly incompliant with Turkish syntax, Qur’an translations to Turkish are among the main sources of Karakhanid Turkish. These works comprises substantial material for language studies. Due to the limited sources of Karakhanid Turkish that survived until today, more accurate derivations of Karakhanid Turkish can be obtained by making use of Qur’an translations. This study will scrutinize the -ken adverb suffixes, where various opinions on its root and usage exist, focusing on its status in Karakhanid Turkish. This study will analyze the usage of this adverb, that mainly suffixes to er- verb in the contextual texts, on which noun and verb elements. It will be asserted that “er-ken” adverb is used after simple noun elements and suffixes that are attributed as tense and participle suffixes such as –r/-Ur; -mAz/-mAs. This study reveals that the suffix has a more widespread usage in Karakhanid Turkish than the common opinion exists among Turkish study circles. It is also highlighted that “er-ken” adverb was used after participle suffixes such as –ġlı,-mIş; -r/-Ar/-Ur; -mAz/-mAs, after single nouns and –DA exisitence proposition suffix and -In instrument suffix.
Keywords
Karakhanid Turkish, adverbial verb, -ken suffix, early Turkish Qur'an translations.